Ukuhlela umkhiqizo
Imodeli yasekuqaleni ye-stepper motor yaqalwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1930 kusukela ngo-1830 kuya ku-1860. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswa unomphela uzibuthe kanye nobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor, i-stepper motor yathuthuka ngokushesha futhi yavuthwa.Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960, i-China yaqala ukucwaninga nokwenza ama-motor stepper.Kusukela lapho kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1960, ikakhulukazi kwakuyinani elincane lemikhiqizo eyakhiwe amanyuvesi nezikhungo zocwaningo ukuze kufundwe ezinye izisetshenziswa.Kuphela ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 kwaba khona impumelelo ekukhiqizeni nasekucwaningeni.Kusukela maphakathi nawo-70s kuya maphakathi nawo-1980, yangena esigabeni sokuthuthuka, futhi imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene esebenza kahle kakhulu yayithuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo.Kusukela maphakathi nawo-1980, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwama-motor hybrid stepper, ubuchwepheshe bama-motor hybrid stepper aseChina, okuhlanganisa nobuchwepheshe bomzimba kanye nobuchwepheshe bokushayela, kancane kancane bufinyelele izinga lezimboni zakwamanye amazwe.Izicelo zomkhiqizo ezihlukahlukene ze-hybrid stepper motors zabashayeli bayo ziyanda.
Njenge-actuator, i-stepper motor ingenye yemikhiqizo ebalulekile ye-mechatronics futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini ehlukahlukene ezenzakalelayo.I-steping motor iyisici sokulawula iluphu evulekile eguqula amasiginali kagesi abe yi-angular noma i-linear displacement.Lapho umshayeli onyathelayo ethola isignali ye-pulse, ushayela isitebhisi ukuze ajikelezise i-engeli engaguquki (okungukuthi, i-stepping angle) lapho isethi.I-angular displacement ingalawulwa ngokulawula inani lama-pulses, ukuze kuzuzwe injongo yokuma okunembile.I-Hybrid stepper motor iyi-stepper motor eklanywe ngokuhlanganisa izinzuzo zikazibuthe unomphela futhi osebenzayo.Ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili, izigaba ezintathu nezigaba ezinhlanu.I-engeli yezinyathelo ezimbili ngokuvamile ingama-degree angu-1.8.I-engeli yesinyathelo sezigaba ezintathu ngokuvamile ingama-degree angu-1.2.

Isebenza kanjani
Isakhiwo se-hybrid stepper motor sihlukile kuleso se-reactive stepper motor.I-stator ne-rotor ye-hybrid stepper motor konke kuhlanganiswe, kuyilapho i-stator ne-rotor ye-hybrid stepper motor ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.Amazinyo amancane nawo asatshalaliswa phezulu.
Ama-slots amabili we-stator abekwe kahle, futhi ama-windings ahlelwe kuwo.Okuvezwe ngenhla amamotho anezigaba ezi-4 ezinamapheya, u-1, 3, 5, no-7 kuyizigxobo kazibuthe ezijikayo zesigaba esingu-A, kanti u-2, 4, 6, no-8 yizigxobo kazibuthe ezijikayo zesigaba B.Ama-winding pole kazibuthe ancikene wesigaba ngasinye alinyazwa ezinhlangothini eziphambene ukuze akhiqize imjikelezo kazibuthe evaliwe njengoba kuboniswe kuzikhombisi-ndlela zika-x kanye no-y emfanekisweni ongenhla.
Isimo sesigaba B sifana nesesigaba A. Izikhala ezimbili ze-rotor zinyakaziswa ngesigamu se-pitch (bheka Umfanekiso 5.1.5), futhi phakathi nendawo ixhunywe yinsimbi enozibuthe emile emile njengendandatho.Amazinyo ezingxenye ezimbili ze-rotor anezigxobo kazibuthe eziphambene.Ngokomgomo ofanayo wenjini esebenzayo, inqobo nje uma injini inamandla ngokulandelana kwe-ABABA noma i-ABABA, injini enyathelayo ingazungeza ngokuqhubekayo iphikisana newashi noma ngokwewashi.
Ngokusobala, wonke amazinyo engxenyeni efanayo yama-rotor blades ane-polarity efanayo, kuyilapho i-polarity yezingxenye ezimbili ze-rotor zezigaba ezahlukene ziphambene.Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-hybrid stepper motor kanye ne-reactive stepper motor ukuthi lapho izinto ezisebenza kazibuthe ezihlala unomphela zikhishwa uzibuthe, kuzoba nephoyinti lokuzulazula nendawo yokuphuma.
I-rotor ye-hybrid stepper motor inozibuthe, ngakho-ke i-torque ekhiqizwa ngaphansi kwe-stator yamanje nkulu kunaleyo ye-stepper motor esebenzayo, futhi i-angle yayo yesinyathelo ngokuvamile incane.Ngakho-ke, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC akongayo ngokuvamile adinga i-hybrid Stepper motor drive.Kodwa-ke, i-hybrid rotor inesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi kanye ne-inertia enkulu ye-rotor, futhi ijubane layo liphansi kunelenjini ye-stepper esebenzayo.

Ukuhlelwa kwesakhiwo nokushayela
Kukhona abakhiqizi abaningi basekhaya bama-stepper motors, futhi izimiso zabo zokusebenza ziyafana.Okulandelayo kuthatha injini yasekhaya enezigaba ezimbili eyi-hybrid stepper motor 42B Y G2 50C kanye nomshayeli wayo u-SH20403 njengesibonelo ukwethula isakhiwo kanye nendlela yokushayela ye-hybrid stepper motor.[2]
Isakhiwo se-motor esinezigaba ezimbili se-hybrid stepper motor
Ekulawulweni kwezimboni, isakhiwo esinamazinyo amancane ezigxotsheni ze-stator kanye nenani elikhulu lamazinyo e-rotor njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 1 singasetshenziswa, futhi i-angle yayo yesinyathelo ingenziwa encane kakhulu.Umfanekiso 1 ezimbili

Umdwebo wesakhiwo we-phase hybrid stepping motor, kanye nomdwebo wezintambo we-steping motor winding ku-Fig. 2, ama-windings wezigaba ezimbili ka-A no-B ahlukaniswe ngesigaba endaweni ye-radial, futhi kukhona izigxobo kazibuthe ezi-8 eziphuma phambili. umjikelezo we-stator.Izigxobo ezinozibuthe eziyisi-7 zingeze-A-phase mawinding, kanti izigxobo ezinozibuthe ezingu-2, 4, 6, no-8 zingezesigaba B.Kunamazinyo angu-5 endaweni ngayinye yesigxobo se-stator, futhi kukhona ama-windings okulawula emzimbeni we-pole.I-rotor iqukethe insimbi enozibuthe emise okwendandatho kanye nezingxenye ezimbili zensimbi.Insimbi enozibuthe emise okwendandatho ifakwe uzibuthe ohlangothini lwe-axial lwe-rotor.Izingxenye ezimbili ze-iron cores zifakwe emaphethelweni amabili ensimbi kazibuthe ngokulandelana, ukuze i-rotor ihlukaniswe zibe izigxobo ezimbili zamagnetic ku-axial direction.Amazinyo angama-50 asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kumgogodla we-rotor.Amazinyo amancane ezingxenyeni ezimbili zomgogodla anyakaziswa ngesigamu sephimbo.I-pitch nobubanzi be-rotor engaguquki kuyafana.

Inqubo yokusebenza ye-two-phase hybrid stepping motor
Uma amawindi okulawula izigaba ezimbili ezungeza ugesi ngokulandelana, isigaba esisodwa kuphela sokuvunguza esinikezwa amandla ngebhithi ngayinye, futhi amabhithi amane akha umjikelezo.Lapho i-current idluliswa ekujikeni kokulawula, kukhiqizwa amandla e-magnetomotive, asebenzisana namandla kazibuthe akhiqizwa insimbi kazibuthe ehlala njalo ukuze kukhiqizwe i-torque kagesi futhi kubangele ukuthi i-rotor yenze ukunyakaza okuhamba kancane.Lapho i-A-phase mawinging inikezwa amandla, isigxobo sikazibuthe sika-S esikhiqizwe ukusonteka esigxotsheni se-rotor N ngokwedlulele siheha isigxobo se-rotor N, ukuze isigxobo sikazibuthe esingu-1 sibe izinyo kuya kwezinyo, futhi imigqa yamagnetic iqondiswe. kusukela ku-rotor N pole kuya endaweni yezinyo yesigxobo sikazibuthe 1, kanye nesigxobo sikazibuthe 5 Izigxobo ze-Tooth-to-tooth, izigxobo zikazibuthe 3 kanye no-7 ziyi-tooth-to-groove, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 4
图 Umdwebo webhalansi ye-rotor ye-A-isigaba esinamandla N eyedlulele ye-stator.Ngenxa yokuthi amazinyo amancane ezingxenyeni ezimbili ze-rotor core anyakaziswa uhhafu wephimbo, ku-S pole ye-rotor, i-S pole magnetic field ekhiqizwa izigxobo kazibuthe 1 'futhi 5' ixosha i-S pole ye-rotor, okuyi-tooth-to-slot kanye ne-rotor, kanye nesigxobo 3 ' Futhi indawo ye-7'tooth ikhiqiza insimu kazibuthe ye-N-pole, eheha i-S-pole ye-rotor, ukuze amazinyo abhekane namazinyo.Umdwebo we-rotor N-pole kanye ne-S-pole rotor yebhalansi lapho ukujika kwesigaba esingu-A kunikezwa amandla kuboniswa kuMfanekiso 3.

Ngenxa yokuthi i-rotor inamazinyo angu-50 isiyonke, i-pitch angle yayo ingu-360 ° / 50 = 7.2 °, futhi inani lamazinyo abanjwe yi-pole pitch ngayinye ye-stator akuyona inombolo ephelele.Ngakho-ke, lapho isigaba A se-stator sinikezwa amandla, i-N pole ye-rotor, nesigxobo sika-1 Amazinyo amahlanu aphikisana namazinyo e-rotor, futhi amazinyo amahlanu we-pole magnetic 2 wesigaba B asonga eduze. amazinyo e-rotor ane-1/4 pitch misalignment, okungukuthi, i-1.8 °.Lapho umbuthano udwetshwa khona, amazinyo e-A-phase magnetic pole 3 kanye ne-rotor izosuswa endaweni engu-3.6 °, futhi amazinyo azohambisana nemigodi.
Umugqa wendawo kazibuthe uyijika elivaliwe eduze no-N-end of the rotor → A (1) S isigxobo sikazibuthe → indandatho kazibuthe → A (3 ') N isigxobo sikazibuthe → i-rotor S-end → i-rotor N-end.Lapho isigaba A sicishwa futhi isigaba B sinikezwa amandla, isigxobo sikazibuthe esingu-2 sikhiqiza i-N polarity, futhi amazinyo e-S pole rotor 7 asondelene kakhulu naso ayaheheka, ukuze i-rotor ijikelezise ngo-1.8 ° ngokwewashi ukuze ifinyelele isigxobo sikazibuthe esingu-2 namazinyo e-rotor emazinyweni. , B Ukuthuthukiswa kwesigaba samazinyo we-stator wesigaba sokuvuthwa kuboniswa ku-Fig. 5, ngalesi sikhathi, i-pole magnetic 3 kanye namazinyo e-rotor ane-1/4 pitch misalignment.
Ngokufanisa, uma amandla eqhubeka ngokulandelana kwezigqi ezine, i-rotor ijikeleza isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngendlela yewashi.Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho kwenziwa amandla, i-pulse ngayinye ijikeleza ngo-1.8 °, okusho ukuthi i-angle yesinyathelo ingu-1.8 °, futhi i-rotor ijikeleza kanye Idinga i-360 ° / 1.8 ° = 200 pulses (bheka Umfanekiso 4 no-5).

Okufanayo kuyiqiniso ekupheleni okwedlulele kwe-rotor S. Lapho amazinyo asongayo ephikisana namazinyo, isigxobo kazibuthe sesigaba esisodwa esiseduze kwayo asihambisani kahle ngo-1.8 °.3 I-Stepper motor driver I-Stepper motor kumele ibe nomshayeli nesilawuli ukuze isebenze ngokujwayelekile.Indima yomshayeli ukusabalalisa ama-pulses okulawula kwendandatho futhi akhulise amandla, ukuze ama-windings we-stepper motor anikezwe amandla ngendlela ethile yokulawula ukujikeleza kwe-motor.Umshayeli we-stepper motor 42BYG250C ngu-SH20403.Kugesi we-10V ～ 40V DC, amatheminali A +, A-, B +, no-B kufanele axhunywe emithonjeni emine ye-stepper motor.Amatheminali e-DC + kanye ne-DC- axhunywe kugesi womshayeli we-DC.Isekhethi yesixhumi esibonakalayo ihlanganisa i-terminal evamile (xhuma kutheminali ephozithivu yetheminali yokufaka amandla kagesi)., Okokufaka kwesignali ye-Pulse (faka uchungechunge lwama-pulses, okwabelwa ngaphakathi ukushayela i-stepper motor A, isigaba B), okokufaka kwesignali yokuqondisa (ingabona ukuzungezisa okuhle nokubi kwe-stepper motor), okokufaka kwesignali engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi.
Benefitseedit
I-hybrid stepping motor ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili, izigaba ezintathu nezigaba ezinhlanu: i-engeli yezigaba ezimbili yokunyathela ivamise ukuba ngu-1.8 degrees kanti i-engeli yezigaba ezinhlanu ngokuvamile ingu-0.72 degrees.Ngokukhula kwe-angle yesinyathelo, i-angle yesinyathelo iyancishiswa, futhi ukunemba kuyathuthukiswa.Lesi sinyathelo motor sisetshenziswa kabanzi.I-Hybrid stepper motors ihlanganisa izinzuzo zazo zombili izinjini ze-stepper ezisebenzayo nezihlala unomphela: inani lama-pole pair lilingana nenani lamazinyo e-rotor, angahlukahluka phezu kohlu olubanzi njengoba kudingeka;i-inductance yokuphefumula iyahlukahluka
Ukushintsha isikhundla se-Rotor kuncane, kulula ukufinyelela ukulawula ukusebenza kahle;i-axial magnetization magnetic circuit, isebenzisa izinto ezintsha zikazibuthe unomphela ezinomkhiqizo wamandla kazibuthe aphezulu, isiza ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenza kwemoto;insimbi ye-rotor magnetic inikeza injabulo;akukho oscillation osobala.[3]